Who is Most at Risk?
Everyone is at risk from antimicrobial resistance, but those most vulnerable include elderly people, patients undergoing surgery or cancer treatment, people with weakened immune systems, and those with chronic illnesses who rely on antibiotics or antifungals regularly.
Before
- Only take antibiotics when prescribed by a doctor — never use leftover antibiotics or share them with others.
- Always complete a full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if you feel better sooner.
- Do not pressure your doctor for antibiotics if they advise they are not needed — many infections are viral and antibiotics will not help.
- Wash hands regularly and thoroughly, especially before eating and after using the toilet.
- Keep vaccinations up to date — preventing infections reduces the need for antibiotics.
- Store medicines correctly and dispose of unused medicines safely — return them to a pharmacy, do not flush them down the drain.
- When travelling abroad, be aware that antibiotic resistance rates vary by country. Take care with food and water hygiene.
During
- If you are prescribed antibiotics, follow the full course exactly as directed by your doctor or pharmacist.
- Report any worsening symptoms or unexpected reactions to your doctor promptly.
- Practise strict hygiene to prevent the spread of resistant infections — wash hands frequently, especially in healthcare settings.
- If you are in hospital or a care setting, follow infection control procedures such as hand sanitising and visitor restrictions.
- Do not self-medicate or seek antibiotics without a prescription.
After
- Dispose of any unused antibiotics safely by returning them to a pharmacy.
- Attend any follow-up appointments your doctor recommends.
- If you have been treated for a resistant infection, inform any future healthcare providers of your history.
- Continue to practise good hygiene to prevent reinfection or the spread of resistant organisms.